Chapter 4.1



Vocabulary


Inorganic: A attribute of an mineral; something that is not made up of things that were once living
Crystal: A solid that is created from a repeating pattern of mineral particles.
Element: A substance that is only created from one type of atom
Compound: A substance that is created from different types of elements
Mohs Hardness Scale: A scale that rates different rocks from 1-10.
Streak: The color of a minerals' powder
Luster: The attribute of a rock which how light reflects off the minerals' surface
Cleavage: A property which a mineral splits easily on flat surfaces.
Fracture: How a mineral looks when it breaks apart in an irregular way.
Fluorescence: The property which a mineral glows under an ultraviolet light.

Outline


Properties of Minerals

  • What is a Mineral?
    • Naturally Occurring
      • Cannot be man-made.
    • Inorganic
    • Solid
    • Crystal Structure
    • Definite Chemical Composition
  • Identifying Minerals
    • Hardness
      • Uses Mohs hardness scale
    • Color
      • Minerals/Rocks can be the same color, but are different minerals.
    • Streak
      • Can identify rocks through the streak, and streaks are usually different colors from the color of the rock.
    • Luster
      • The lusters are metallic, earthy, pearly, glassy, waxy, and silky.
    • Density
      • Mass times weight.
    • Crystal Systems
      • There are six groups: Cubic, Hexagonal, Tetragonal, Orthorhombic, Monoclinic, Triclinic.
    • Cleavage and Fracture
    • Special Properties
      • Fluorescence
      • Magnetism